Projecting apparatus



C. DE PROSZYNSKI. PROJ'ECTING APPARATUS. APPLICATLQN man NOV. 4, 191e.

Patented Nov. 2, 1920.

v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CASIMIR DE PROSZYNSKI, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PROJECTING APPARATUS,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GAsiMIR DE PRoszYN- SKI, acitizen of Poland, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Projecting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates in general to improvements in projecting apparatus, particularly to an improved form of lamp which is adapted to be associated with and used in connection with such apparatus for enlarging small pictures which are to be projected ona suitable display screen.

As heretofore practised, the projection of very small pictures, such as one-quarter inch square, or even smaller, has been found to be more or less difficult, in that it required a very powerful arc lamp which has such inconveniences as being inaccessible to those using the projecting apparatus, and furthermore, such are lamps are generally found to be difficult to use. There have been attempts to solve this problem by employingan incandescent filament lamp, but such lamps are generally found to be impracticable, in

that it is impossible to obtain a sufliciently strong light from the filament, and a larger lighting surface cannot be used because of the small diameter ofthe projecting lens;

moreover, the rays must go through a small picture and through the lens whlch 1s a considerable distance from thepicture. If an ordinary condensing lens is used between the picture and the light, such condenser should be a considerable distance from the picture and be of a small diameter, otherwise there will be quite a waste of light. Even if the problem of a small, but powerful, filament could besolved, there is another side a normal condenser calculated to obtainthe best possible results, and in practice, a picture of about one-quarter inch square, the filament'must be not farther than one-eighth of an inch distant from the glass of the bulb.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented N 0V. 2, 1920.

Application filed November 4, 1916.

Serial No. 129,587.

With such difliculties as these to overcome, the present invention has for its primary object to collect nearly all rays emerging from the lighting source and throw them in one direction, so that the lighting power is many times stronger than that obtained by using ordinary condensers or reflectors; and to this end, one feature of the invention con- .sists in providing a forward reflector sursiderable distance to one side of the center of the bulb, so that with proper adjustment of the bulb in the space between the reflectors, the center of illumination may be located quite close to the rear reflector.

A further object relates to a means for safeguarding the film during the interim when the film is at rest, as at the end of projection, or when, for any cause, projection is interrupted, to which end, a further feature consists in providing the rear reflector with cooling means, so that the heat rays reflected are largely subdued; or, as an alternative expedient, in so mounting the rear reflector, that whenever it is not voluntarily held in full reflecting position, it will automatically swing away from such position and reduce its reflecting effect to such a degree as will insure attainment of the object stated.

Further objects relate to the arrangement and cooperation of the parts which go to make up the apparatus and to certain details of construction which are employed in both the apparatus and the bulb which is used in connection therewith.

An illustrative embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, and will be referred to throughout the following detail description.

In said drawing- Figure 1 is a view partly in section of the apparatus;

Fig. 2 is a rear view showing the reflector open;

Fig. 3 is a detail view of a portion of the gripping effect between the split sleeve 8 apparatus, illustrating the spring catch which is employed to retain the reflector in closed position;

'an attaching flange 1 for attachment to the frame, and a comparatively narrow throat 5taperi'ng from the frame 1 having an enlarged deflectingspace 6 which is adapted to receive the bulb 7. In order that the bulb may be adjusted and then rigidly suspended within thev device, the portion 2 is further constructed with a vertically presented split sleeve 8 in which is received an an nular spherical cup or collar 9 in which the bulb 7 is mounted. In order to produce a and the annular spherical cup or collar 9,

so that the bulb may be adjusted and properly/ suspended within the casing, the sleeve 8 has a pair of outwardly presented ears 10 which carry va suitable thumb screw 11.

This thumb screw may be usedto draw the -split portions of the sleeve together to properly clamp or grip the annular cup or collar 9. The enlarged deflecting space 6 terminates in an open side which is constructed with an annular flange 12 to which the part 3, comprising the reflector, is connected by means of the hinge 13.v preferably comprises an arcuate Shaped body, having a suitable parabolic reflecting surface 14 provided on its inner side. Surrounding this. reflecting surface 14 is an annular inner wall 15 which is constructed with'a series of ventilating openings 16. This inner wall 15 .is provided with an outwardly presented annu ar flange 17, which is adapted to engage the annular flange 12. of the open-side of the enlarged deflecting space 6 and provide a light tight joint. A suitable spring catch or catches 18 may be employed for retaining the part 3 in close relation relative to the part 2. In order to produce a suitable coolingsurface surrounding the reflector, the

.part 3 is further constructed with double walls providing a water chamber 19. If

necessary,-part 2 may also be constructed. with such a cooling arrangement. The part 3 has an. axial opening 20 which extends transversely therethrough, the purpose of which is for ventilation. In order to fill the water chamber 19, a suitable throat 21 is provided. This throat may be closed by a suitable stopper 22.

The reflector 3 i If it should be desired to avoid the use of the water acket as a cooling arrangement,

to prevent burning the film or over-heating of the lamp. The spring catch 18 (Figs. 2 and 3) may be omitted, and the hinge 13 (Figs. 2 and 6) provided with a spring 13*, which normally tends tohold the cover 15 away from full reflecting position, so

that whenever the cover, is not voluntarily held in closed position, the reflector will automatically cease to deliver the heat or light energy that would endanger the film or confine the heat that will over-heat the parts. Duringprojection, the cover will be pressed lightly .by the left hand of the operator and so kept closed. But as soon as.

projection is finished, or if it be interrupted and the hand is taken away, the cover opens automatically at least to a position where it cannot reflect a suflicient amount of light the following expedient may be resorted to, I

through the picture to burn the film. Its

position may, however, be such aswill'insure suflicient light .for observation in focusing the picture. Instead of usingthe spring 13 for this purpose, the cover may be made to open by its own weight, as for instance by locating the hinge under the lamp and pro-- vidin'ga stop that will arrest the cover in partially open position; or by locatlng the hinge upon a bracket projectlng back from the casing that would cause the cover to hang away from the casing and assume a less intensively reflecting relation to the source of light whenever the cover is released.

Mounted within the tapering throat 5 of the part 2 is a round flat bottle or the like 23, the neck of which is adapted to pro'ect through a suitableopening 24 provlde in the top ofthe throat 5. This bottle is used for purposes of protecting the picture. Presented within the opening 25 of the frame 1 is a nozzle 26 whichis connected to a suitable tube 27 having a bulb 28. The picture which is to be enlarged is preferably presented in a position as shown at 29, that is to say,'in proper position intermediate the opening 25 in the frame 1 and the lens 30.

Should, for any reason, undue heat be generated within the device, a cooling efl'ect may be readily produced by means of an air blast createdv by the bulb 28, causing an artificial" circulation to take place within the device. It is desirable that the end of the nozz1e'26 assume a position close to the picture in order that the air blast which is produced by the bulb 28 will cool the picture and be deflected therebythrough the interior of the device. As heretofore stated, circulation is induced by means of the openings 16 rovided in the annular inner wall 15. to be noted that the particular sha e and construction of the part 3, especially the outer wall thereof, will provide a secondary vided with four slits or cuts 31, whereby the 1 filament may be properly adjusted by looking across two of these opposite slits.

It is'to be noted that the filament of the bulb is positioned at one side of the axis of the bulb which brings it very near that wall of the bulb which is presented immediately in front of the parabolic reflector 14 so as to bring the center of illumination at the center of the parabolic reflector, whereby the rays may be directedtoward the lens.

When the proper adjustment of the filament is obtained, it may be made permanent by producing a clamping effect between the split sleeve 8 and the annular spherical collar 9. The electric connection to the bulb may be made in any suitable manner. Above the spherical neck 9, the shank of the lamp has the terminal pins 9 that are received in the sockets 9 of a cap 9.

When the bulb is properly adjusted within the device, the filament thereof is placed exactly in the center of the hemispherical part 2 of the casing, and in the same plane with the axis of the reflecting surface (preferably parabolic) of the part 3. All the rays directed rearwardly. from the filament are caught by the reflector and reflected in a manner to converge at one point in proximityto the lens. Those rays, directed by the filament toward the inner wall of the enlargeddeflecting space 6, are returned back-. ward past the filament until they meet the parabolic reflector which throws them forward and focuses them on the lens as in the case of the rays first mentioned. By means of this particular adjustment of the bulb and the filament, and together with the particular arrangement of the reflecting walls, nearly all the rays emerging from the filament ultimately reach one pointi In order to avoid prismatic action or the dispersion of the rays by the glass forming the bulb,

the bulb is preferably constructed of a large diameter and made to substantially fill the space within the casing. As heretofore stated, this apparatus is designed and constructed particularly for the projection of small pictures, but it may be adapted to any other use where it is necessary or desirable to concentrate a strong light on a small space.

As heretofore stated, the embodiment of the invention described in detail, is merely having indicators upon its shown for the purpose of illustration. Certain changes can be made without de arting from the spirit of the invention. or instance, instead of the air blast produced by the bulb 28 and its associated parts, a suitable fan maybe usedto playagainst the interior of the device at all times. Other such changes mayalso be'made; hence, the novelty involved should be construed and interpreted by the scope of the subjoined claims. I

I claim '1. A projecting apparatus comprising a pair of reflectors, one of which is of less diameter than the other, a projecting lens in line with an opening in one of the reflectors, and an incandescent lamp having its center of illumination positioned at one side of the bulb adj a'cent to the reflector distant from the lens.

2. A projecting apparatus comprising a casing formed by two reflectors one of them substantially spherical and the other of said reflectors having a concavity of smaller diameter than the first reflector with an annular flange projecting therefrom and provided with reflecting surface, a projecting lens concentric with said reflectors, and an incandescent lamp interposed between the two reflectors with its illuminating filament disposed to one side of the bulb adjacent to one of the reflectors.

3. In combination a projecting lens, a cas ing formed by two oppositely disposed reflectors, one of which is spherical and the other of non-spherical-zform and of less circumference than the first, an incandescent lamp between the two reflectors having its center of illumination disposed to one side of the bulb and in close proximity to one of the reflectors, the bulb of the lamp having a diameter substantially as large as the smaller reflector, and one of said reflectors edges for centering the light.

4. In a projecting apparatus, the combina.-' tion with a front casing having a pro ecting orifice, of a light emitting member wlthm said casing, and a back cover for said casing having a concave portion opposite said light emitting member and a flatportion disposed in a diametrical plane which is no farther from the orifice than is said light emitting 7 member, said flat portion having ventilating .holes- 4 In a projecting apparatus, the combmation with .a front casmg, of a light emitting '6. In a projecting apparatus, the combinamember within said casing, and a back cover for said casmg having a concave portion member within said casing, and a back cover for said casing having a concave portion opposite said light emitting member and a flat portion disposed in the diametrical plane which passes through said light emitting member, said flat portion having ventilating holes, and a supplementary cover to stop the light which is projected through Said holes.

7. In a projecting apparatus, the combination of a front casing, comprising a reflector, a light emitting member, a back cover for said casing having a concave reflecting portion opposite said light emitting member to catch substantially all of the reflected rays from said first mentioned reflector, and a flat annular flange around said concave portion being disposed outside of the reflecting area of said first mentioned reflector and in the diametrical plane which passes through said light emitting member, and ventilating holes in said flange.

8. In a projecting apparatus, the combination of a front casing, comprising a reflector,

a light emitting member, a back cover for' said casing having a concave reflecting portion opposite said light emitting member to catch substantially all of the reflected rays from said first mentioned reflector, and a flat annular flange around said concave portion being disposed outside of the reflecting area of said first mentioned reflector and in the diametrical plane which passes through said light emitting member. v

9. In a projecting apparatus, the combination with a casing and a light-emitting member, of a support for said light-emitting member, having a spherical neck, and a clamping device carried by said casing and comprising members disposed around said York city,

having a spherical neck, a flexiblecylindri cal collar mounted on said casingand means for compressing said collar on said spherical neck.

12. In combination, a reflector, a light element coacting therewith, a socket member carrying said light'element and having aball portion, and a clamping ring, the ball por tion of said socket member being seated in said ring and being adjustable with said light element about .a point or longitudinally with respect to said clamping ring.

13.- In combination, a reflector, a light element coacting therewith, a socketmember I carrying said light element and having a ball portion, a clamping ring, the ball por tion of said socket member being seated in said ring and being adjustablewith said light element about a point or longitudinally with respect to said clamping ring, and

means coacting with said clamping rmg to secure said socket member in adjusted position. Theforegoin specification signed at New this 10th day of July, 1916.

OASIMIR D PROSZYNSKI. 

